Biomass Boiler Systems

The biomass boiler system utilizes biomass for the production of heat and electricity, applicable for various boiling purposes. Four types of systems employ biomass as a heat source for boilers: pellet fuel systems, full automatic systems, semi-automatic systems, and combined heat and power systems. The utilization of biomass boilers continues to rise as a sustainable energy producer, providing a viable alternative to oil or gas boilers. The following elucidates the four types of biomass boiler systems.

 

Combined Heat and Power System (CHP)

CHP utilizes wood waste, such as pieces and wood chips, to generate electricity, with heat as a by-product. Due to its high-pressure production, operational costs are relatively elevated, requiring a qualified operator. This system is well-suited for locations requiring both heat and electricity, such as hospitals and accommodations.

 

Full Automatic System

Automatic boiler systems use waste or wood chips as fuel. Wood waste is stored in a tank, and a conveyor transports this biomass to the boiler in a controlled manner. This system operates and shuts down automatically to maintain the temperature and pressure during operation. Automation enhances efficiency, requiring only a computer operator to oversee the system.

 

Semi-Automatic System

Semi-automatic systems resemble full automatic systems but still involve human operation. This system features a smaller tank capacity and a simple conveyor system that requires human control.

 

Pellet Fuel System

Pellet-fueled systems use pellets as fuel, processed from wood. Pellets are transferred from a storage silo to the boiler using gravity. Despite being more expensive, pellets are efficient and require less storage space due to their density, reducing storage costs. This system is suitable for various purposes, especially in confined spaces and locations where conveyor systems are impractical.

 

Automatic Biomass Boiler System

Advantages of Biomass Boiler Systems The following highlights the advantages of a biomass boiler system: One advantage of using a biomass boiler over an oil or gas boiler is the cost and availability of fuel. Wood chips are relatively inexpensive and, despite their low energy density, can be used with automatic feeders on a 24-hour system. In large-scale applications, biomass boilers are considered the most cost-effective fuel, especially as international fuel prices rise. Wood waste can be converted into wood chips for operational fuel in biomass boiler systems, eliminating the need for imports.

Another advantage of biomass boiler systems is their utilization of industrial or urban waste, residues, forests, and agriculture for electricity and heat generation, minimizing negative environmental impact. The carbon in biomass is part of the natural carbon cycle, resulting in minimal environmental effects compared to oil and gas boilers. Biomass fuel contributes to reduced greenhouse gas emissions and aids in managing wood waste that could otherwise disrupt the environment.

Additionally, wood-fired boilers can be employed in residential settings, offering an effective, readily available, and renewable energy source.